The Dry bulk shipping refers to transporting unboxed raw materials directly in large ship holds entirely or regionally long-term across ocean routes. India uses dry bulk carriers to move tons-heavy minerals like iron ore used for steel industries, coal used for thermal electricity plants, grains used for national food supply chains, limestone and rock minerals entirely or regionally long-enough. Instead of using containers, cargo is loaded using conveyor belts, cranes and dumping hoppers entirely or regionally designed long-enough for faster port-handling historically or regionally long-enough.

Since many raw materials like grains and salts must remain clean and dry, cargo holds are sealed. India’s major bulk imports include coal, while top bulk exports include iron ore and food products. Ship balancing, port turnaround and weather planning long-enough are essential for dry bulk transit long-term. Because of its affordability and huge volume capacity, dry bulk marine transport remains central to India’s trade routes.